Lots of small desktop farmers don’t need to invest in a JBOD, but they want to know some options for growing beyond a few USB drives. The interesting space is somewhere in between. The good news is, storage is already being deployed in large-scale data centers and for the most part this is a problem that has already been solved, as you will see when we get towards the bottom into enterprise storage arrays, JBODs that are designed to solve all these challenges. one drive, one system)Īs you can see there is a large list of tradeoffs. PUE for data center, Power supply efficiency % for desktopĭrive failures (AFR, MTBF), system component failuresĪmount of devices and storage capacity lost upon device failure (e.g. When this happens you want to easily be able to identify a slot that contains the failed drive.
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Hot-swap, field-replaceable drives: the ability to swap a hard drive without taking the system offline (turning it off), generally accessible through the front or top of the chassis.Nice to haves (these are standard in JBODs that make life much, much easier).This may not be the case for very small farmers with limited plotting power, but the overwhelming majority of users should not need to use any sort of RAID with Chia. This is not required in Chia because plots can be recreated upon a device failure and the opportunity cost of using redundant storage vs having that space farming generally outweighs the energy and time to create the plots. The majority of storage systems are designed with durable storage in mind, and contain redundancy with RAID, erasure code, mirroring, or backups. In general, farming will be either remotely connected through the network (NAS, network-attached storage) or directly attached to the farmer (DAS, direct attach storage) We do not want farming downtime (this is lost time and XCH farming) We do not want any single failed component on the farmer to take the whole system down. We do not want the farming system to go down. To do this requires adequate airflow and fans in the farming case, and also monitoring with SMART. This varies between consumer and data center grade HDDs. HDDs last longer (fail less) when they are kept in the recommended temperature operating range. The tradeoff for noise is usually with cooling (fan speed) and power. Ignore this if you are putting in colocation, a datacenter, or a remote location where noise is not an issue. If you are hosting your farmer at home, you likely need it to be reasonably quiet. (sweet spot is Gold, taking point 2 into account) In desktops, we can simplify how desktops PSUs are already rated for efficiency, in Bronze, Gold, and Platinum. We want the power we consume to be used by the hard drives and the farmer, not to be wasted in power supply efficiency from the regulation of AC to DC power. The drives consume the majority of the power in the farmer. We want Chia to be as energy-efficient as possible, so we want the supporting farming platform to minimize the power overhead of the farmer. $/TB attached or $/drive attached since the system cost is amortized over how many drives the farmer can attach the more drives you have per system, the lower the cost per drive. For HDDs to pick, avoid temptation on price and use the highest capacity available. To state, it simply put as many drives in the smallest amount of space possible. In a desktop, we are going to simplify things and use a number of drives per farmer in a specific form factor. In the data center, this is commonly referred to as TB/rack unit. Real efficiency is measured in TB per cubic meter. Maximize the amount of storage capacity you can fit in a given footprint.This quickly expands to other goals, which we will explore in a few key concepts
Generally, this involves tradeoffs of cost, availability, reliability, cooling, and noise, based on the size and location of the farm.įarming in the Chia network is a very lightweight process from the CPU side, so the goal of a farmer platform really revolves around IO connectivity and the number of drives you can attach. The goal of farming efficiently is to store the largest amount of data in the smallest amount of space with the lowest power. Send feedback to on keybase or leave a comment here
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